NISSAN SKYLINE GTR
The Skyline is a car produced by Japanese automaker Nissan, its origin is that the very earliest that the automaker produces. Skyline's production began in 1955 when the Prince Motor Company, a company founded three years earlier by Tama Electric Car Company, a manufacturer of electric vehicles has released the model-AlSi-1, with Fuji Precision Industries engine of 1.5 liters and 60 hp. In 1966 the Japanese government called for the creation of large companies to compete in international markets, which led to the Prince merged with Nissan.
The first version of the Skyline, called AlSi-1 went into production in April 1957, then was sold as a luxury car under the name Prince. This version came with a 1.5 liters engine that produced 60 horsepower, this engine was standard for the entire line.The performance was average on the sedans of the time, reached 140 km / h. They were offered bodywork sedan and station wagon, there was also a pick-up version and a van, called Prince Skyway.
In 1958, Prince changed the optical assembly, adopting four headlights (previously two). The facelift made the car was named thereafter in AlSi-2. The motorzação was slightly modified, continued with 1.5 liters displacement, but the power increased to 70 hp, this new engine gave a significant improvement in performance.
In 1961, entered production Skyline Sport version, this version of what became known as BLRA-3, was from there that the sporting potential of the model began to be explored. The body was designed by Giovanni Michelotti and was available as coupe and convertible, adopted in this body design elements that were used in almost all subsequent generations later, as the trapezoidal headlamps. The engine was 1.9 liter with 94 horsepower and spent a senssação of sportsmanship. Only a few thousand were produced, this means that this is a set of the most expensive and sought after by collectors from Japan
More sporting versions existed in 1961 as the Skyline Sport BLRA-3 of 1.9 liters and 94 hp. But who was born in 1964 was a milestone: the Skyline 2000 GT, for competition, which featured the engine compartment expanded in 20 cm to accommodate the six-in-line 2.0-liter model Gloria. The success of the release led the Prince to produce it in series, two options street: GT-A with a carburetor and 105 hp, and GT-B, with three 40 Webers, high compression ratio, 125 hp and exchange five-speed.
The Skyline name has long stood for the Japanese when, in 1972, came the new generation C110, which included the powerful 2000 GT-X (130 hp) and GT-R (160 hp), two and four doors. The acronym GT-R disappeared in 1977, with the generation C211, whose version of the top-released in 1980-was the 2000 GT-ES, with turbocharger and 140 hp, a way to meet emissions standards.
The series R3X - In 1981 Nissan R3X inaugurated the series, ie, starting with the R30 and R34 to the current coming. The first generation, with straight lines and some sports, received in 1982 versions 2000 GT and 2800 GT six-cylinder. There was also the Skyline RS, with a four-cylinder 2.0-liter and 150 hp, which received the following year to reach a turbo-later 190 hp 250 hp would, with the use of cooler air.Known as Turbo RS-X or C, the Skyline was successful in the streets and lanes.
The next generation, R31, seemed more aimed at the sporty comfort, but that soon changed. A new six-in-line 2.0 turbo, 180 hp, opened the engine family used in the model to date, although the coupe came only in 1986. The GTS-X, 1988, 190 hp, introduced the system HICAS (High Capacity Active Steering, active direction or high capacity), which steers the rear wheels in the same direction from front to contribute to stability, not to facilitate maneuvering in local narrow, as in other systems of its kind.
In 1989 came the Skyline R32 sedan and coupe versions, rear-wheel drive or full.When the six-cylinder 155 hp 2.0 were added after a turbocharged 215 hp in GTS-T Type M, and a 2.5 naturally aspirated 180 hp. The acronym GT-R returned after a decade, the model would be known as "Godzilla," in allusion to the scary reptile Japanese cartoon. One of its attractions was the all-wheel drive with variable torque-allocation of 100% to the rear wheels through 50/50, according to grip.
The system perfected the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering and six-cylinder engine and 2.6 liters, with two turbos, came to 280-hp could be more if not for the limitation of Japanese law. From 0 to 96 km / h 4.8 s was enough, as fast as a Ferrari F355.His racing version won so often in Group A Nipponese that the category was abolished due to lack of competitors for Nissan.
The R33 was the next generation, slightly larger and heavier, thus less agile.Launched in 1995, the GT-S versions included the 2.5 liter with 190 hp and 255 hp with this turbo. The GT-R came with a better distribution of torque, while maintaining the legal limit of 280 hp, and systems for enhanced traction and integral direction.The division NISMO (Nissan Motorsports) made a version for Group A and could offer the public 99 units 400R Skyline in 1996. It was the street version of a racing car, so released a limit of 280 hp, extracted 400 hp at 6,800 rpm 2.8 liter biturbo engine, with AWD. There was also a single unit of the GT-R LM, of 305 hp and rear wheel drive only, built for approval. Another very special was the R33 Autech GT-R, a four-port made to resemble the GT-R coupe to celebrate 40 years of Skyline. The NISMO prepared a 380 hp version of the car, with the aggressive style based on the 400R.
For many of the R32 Skyline was still the best, for its agility and compact dimensions. Nissan enthusiasts heard when developing the R34 generation, which came with 140 engines, 193 and 280 hp in the GT versions. The GT-R appeared somewhat later, holding the record for production cars at the famous German Nürburgring circuit to be overcome by the Porsche 911 Turbo 996 series;
The generation R34, has limited power to 280 hp, but prepared to take more than 1,000 hp. For example, the version tested by JUN popular television program Top Gear delivers 1300 horsepower. The design refers to the muscular and R32 electronic controls and traction integral direction, making it fast and seductive. The Skyline GT-R and Honda NSX Nips are among the few cars that can ascend to the statute of ceremonial objects.
On December 6, 2007, Nissan unveiled its new GT-R once again broke the record of the Nürburgring. This time, breaking the track record was very controversial, and the Porsche called into question the veracity of the times advertised by Nissan.Porsche stated publicly bought a Nissan GT-R and compared it with his 911 Turbo, saying the latter is faster than the GT-R. Nissan responded by issuing a public statement calling on Porsche to send one of its pilots to experience the Nurburgring GT-R. Some time later, the Nissan hit a new record, and all evidence was checked and filmed as proof that the GT-R is so much better
The first version of the Skyline, called AlSi-1 went into production in April 1957, then was sold as a luxury car under the name Prince. This version came with a 1.5 liters engine that produced 60 horsepower, this engine was standard for the entire line.The performance was average on the sedans of the time, reached 140 km / h. They were offered bodywork sedan and station wagon, there was also a pick-up version and a van, called Prince Skyway.
In 1958, Prince changed the optical assembly, adopting four headlights (previously two). The facelift made the car was named thereafter in AlSi-2. The motorzação was slightly modified, continued with 1.5 liters displacement, but the power increased to 70 hp, this new engine gave a significant improvement in performance.
In 1961, entered production Skyline Sport version, this version of what became known as BLRA-3, was from there that the sporting potential of the model began to be explored. The body was designed by Giovanni Michelotti and was available as coupe and convertible, adopted in this body design elements that were used in almost all subsequent generations later, as the trapezoidal headlamps. The engine was 1.9 liter with 94 horsepower and spent a senssação of sportsmanship. Only a few thousand were produced, this means that this is a set of the most expensive and sought after by collectors from Japan
More sporting versions existed in 1961 as the Skyline Sport BLRA-3 of 1.9 liters and 94 hp. But who was born in 1964 was a milestone: the Skyline 2000 GT, for competition, which featured the engine compartment expanded in 20 cm to accommodate the six-in-line 2.0-liter model Gloria. The success of the release led the Prince to produce it in series, two options street: GT-A with a carburetor and 105 hp, and GT-B, with three 40 Webers, high compression ratio, 125 hp and exchange five-speed.
The Skyline name has long stood for the Japanese when, in 1972, came the new generation C110, which included the powerful 2000 GT-X (130 hp) and GT-R (160 hp), two and four doors. The acronym GT-R disappeared in 1977, with the generation C211, whose version of the top-released in 1980-was the 2000 GT-ES, with turbocharger and 140 hp, a way to meet emissions standards.
The series R3X - In 1981 Nissan R3X inaugurated the series, ie, starting with the R30 and R34 to the current coming. The first generation, with straight lines and some sports, received in 1982 versions 2000 GT and 2800 GT six-cylinder. There was also the Skyline RS, with a four-cylinder 2.0-liter and 150 hp, which received the following year to reach a turbo-later 190 hp 250 hp would, with the use of cooler air.Known as Turbo RS-X or C, the Skyline was successful in the streets and lanes.
The next generation, R31, seemed more aimed at the sporty comfort, but that soon changed. A new six-in-line 2.0 turbo, 180 hp, opened the engine family used in the model to date, although the coupe came only in 1986. The GTS-X, 1988, 190 hp, introduced the system HICAS (High Capacity Active Steering, active direction or high capacity), which steers the rear wheels in the same direction from front to contribute to stability, not to facilitate maneuvering in local narrow, as in other systems of its kind.
In 1989 came the Skyline R32 sedan and coupe versions, rear-wheel drive or full.When the six-cylinder 155 hp 2.0 were added after a turbocharged 215 hp in GTS-T Type M, and a 2.5 naturally aspirated 180 hp. The acronym GT-R returned after a decade, the model would be known as "Godzilla," in allusion to the scary reptile Japanese cartoon. One of its attractions was the all-wheel drive with variable torque-allocation of 100% to the rear wheels through 50/50, according to grip.
The system perfected the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering and six-cylinder engine and 2.6 liters, with two turbos, came to 280-hp could be more if not for the limitation of Japanese law. From 0 to 96 km / h 4.8 s was enough, as fast as a Ferrari F355.His racing version won so often in Group A Nipponese that the category was abolished due to lack of competitors for Nissan.
The R33 was the next generation, slightly larger and heavier, thus less agile.Launched in 1995, the GT-S versions included the 2.5 liter with 190 hp and 255 hp with this turbo. The GT-R came with a better distribution of torque, while maintaining the legal limit of 280 hp, and systems for enhanced traction and integral direction.The division NISMO (Nissan Motorsports) made a version for Group A and could offer the public 99 units 400R Skyline in 1996. It was the street version of a racing car, so released a limit of 280 hp, extracted 400 hp at 6,800 rpm 2.8 liter biturbo engine, with AWD. There was also a single unit of the GT-R LM, of 305 hp and rear wheel drive only, built for approval. Another very special was the R33 Autech GT-R, a four-port made to resemble the GT-R coupe to celebrate 40 years of Skyline. The NISMO prepared a 380 hp version of the car, with the aggressive style based on the 400R.
For many of the R32 Skyline was still the best, for its agility and compact dimensions. Nissan enthusiasts heard when developing the R34 generation, which came with 140 engines, 193 and 280 hp in the GT versions. The GT-R appeared somewhat later, holding the record for production cars at the famous German Nürburgring circuit to be overcome by the Porsche 911 Turbo 996 series;
The generation R34, has limited power to 280 hp, but prepared to take more than 1,000 hp. For example, the version tested by JUN popular television program Top Gear delivers 1300 horsepower. The design refers to the muscular and R32 electronic controls and traction integral direction, making it fast and seductive. The Skyline GT-R and Honda NSX Nips are among the few cars that can ascend to the statute of ceremonial objects.
On December 6, 2007, Nissan unveiled its new GT-R once again broke the record of the Nürburgring. This time, breaking the track record was very controversial, and the Porsche called into question the veracity of the times advertised by Nissan.Porsche stated publicly bought a Nissan GT-R and compared it with his 911 Turbo, saying the latter is faster than the GT-R. Nissan responded by issuing a public statement calling on Porsche to send one of its pilots to experience the Nurburgring GT-R. Some time later, the Nissan hit a new record, and all evidence was checked and filmed as proof that the GT-R is so much better
TOYOTA SUPRA
The Toyota Supra is a sports car brand Toyota, aggressive lines and an airfoil to generate lift negative and more sportiness to the design of the car. Equipped with lots of Japanese technology, has traction control and excellent braking performance.
The car appeared in 1979, with development based on the platform of the Toyota Celica, but with some characteristics which would later be responsible for the success reached the car. The first differences that were noted in size since the Supra was longer and wider than the Celica. Mechanically received four-wheel independent suspension and disc brakes on all four also.
However, the most striking change from the Celica platform was adopted because of the engine, a 6-cylinder, 2.6 liter, which was the first Toyota engine to receive electronic fuel injection (we're talking 1979 !!!), developed especially for him and received the designation 4ME. This first generation was known as MA46 or Mark I.In 1981, still in its first generation, a new 2.8-liter SOHC engine started to equip the car, starting the process that would give rise to second generation Supras.
In 1982 Toyota launched the second generation known as the Mark II and still under the name Celica Supra MA61, but with a lot of buzz that only later came to incorporate the Celica as the retractable headlights and the spoiler incorporated into the body, such as new six-cylinder engine and also 2.8 liters, but with double overhead camshafts (DOHC) and that developed 145 horsepower, enough already to make it accelerate to 100km / h in under 8.5 seconds and overcome the barrier of200 km / h. One year after the launch of this generation, your engine will get a few more changes, and up to 150 horses.
The third generation (Mark III) comes in 1986 and is the one that became famous for inaugurating a new phase of the Supra had recently surpassed 20 million units! The name Celica is gone and the car gained full independence from its platform. New work in car design leaves more modern and robust, yet keeping the retractable headlights, but with new aerodynamic parts. The mechanical innovations are due to the new engine 7M-GE 3.0-liter 200 horsepower that a year later (1987) was the first car manufacturer to have a turbo engine (7M-GTE called), responsible for 233 horses.
But the "joke" did not stop there, making the word of command within the Toyota is set to "performance", so that in 1987 the car will be his first vehicle to be equipped with ABS. In 1990 more changes and more a new engine (1JZ-GTE) 6-cylinder, 2.5 liter biturbo and this time, generating 280 horsepower and already able to take the Supra to 250 km / h with electronic speed limiter.
But it was not until 1993 that the fourth and final generation (Mark IV) was released.With this technology more and more news for daring passionate car. This time two engine options, with a 6 cylinder engine (2JZ-GE), 3.0-liter 24-valve dual overhead camshafts with variable valve opening, accounting for 223 horsepower, and other (2JZ-GTE) with the same characteristics, but with two turbos sequenced which yielded 324 horsepower.
Equipped with manual transmission 6-speed Getrag, the Supra biturbo exported to countries that do not need the electronic speed limiter, reaches 285 km / h (with the electronic limiter reaches 250 km / h) and accelerates from 0-100 km / h in 4.6 seconds. But in several European countries and even in the U.S. - a huge market for the Supra - the pollutant emission regulations, imposed restrictions on the cars as he and some of its competitors, making their sales in 1999 were closed.
Currently only some countries in Oceania and Japan itself can have the privilege of buying a Supra Zero Km There are three models in the Japanese market that differ primarily in terms of accessories and has reduced its power to 280 horses by internal regulations. The export version with 324 horses remains responsible for making this machine, an object of desire of fans for cars
The car appeared in 1979, with development based on the platform of the Toyota Celica, but with some characteristics which would later be responsible for the success reached the car. The first differences that were noted in size since the Supra was longer and wider than the Celica. Mechanically received four-wheel independent suspension and disc brakes on all four also.
However, the most striking change from the Celica platform was adopted because of the engine, a 6-cylinder, 2.6 liter, which was the first Toyota engine to receive electronic fuel injection (we're talking 1979 !!!), developed especially for him and received the designation 4ME. This first generation was known as MA46 or Mark I.In 1981, still in its first generation, a new 2.8-liter SOHC engine started to equip the car, starting the process that would give rise to second generation Supras.
In 1982 Toyota launched the second generation known as the Mark II and still under the name Celica Supra MA61, but with a lot of buzz that only later came to incorporate the Celica as the retractable headlights and the spoiler incorporated into the body, such as new six-cylinder engine and also 2.8 liters, but with double overhead camshafts (DOHC) and that developed 145 horsepower, enough already to make it accelerate to 100km / h in under 8.5 seconds and overcome the barrier of200 km / h. One year after the launch of this generation, your engine will get a few more changes, and up to 150 horses.
The third generation (Mark III) comes in 1986 and is the one that became famous for inaugurating a new phase of the Supra had recently surpassed 20 million units! The name Celica is gone and the car gained full independence from its platform. New work in car design leaves more modern and robust, yet keeping the retractable headlights, but with new aerodynamic parts. The mechanical innovations are due to the new engine 7M-GE 3.0-liter 200 horsepower that a year later (1987) was the first car manufacturer to have a turbo engine (7M-GTE called), responsible for 233 horses.
But the "joke" did not stop there, making the word of command within the Toyota is set to "performance", so that in 1987 the car will be his first vehicle to be equipped with ABS. In 1990 more changes and more a new engine (1JZ-GTE) 6-cylinder, 2.5 liter biturbo and this time, generating 280 horsepower and already able to take the Supra to 250 km / h with electronic speed limiter.
But it was not until 1993 that the fourth and final generation (Mark IV) was released.With this technology more and more news for daring passionate car. This time two engine options, with a 6 cylinder engine (2JZ-GE), 3.0-liter 24-valve dual overhead camshafts with variable valve opening, accounting for 223 horsepower, and other (2JZ-GTE) with the same characteristics, but with two turbos sequenced which yielded 324 horsepower.
Equipped with manual transmission 6-speed Getrag, the Supra biturbo exported to countries that do not need the electronic speed limiter, reaches 285 km / h (with the electronic limiter reaches 250 km / h) and accelerates from 0-100 km / h in 4.6 seconds. But in several European countries and even in the U.S. - a huge market for the Supra - the pollutant emission regulations, imposed restrictions on the cars as he and some of its competitors, making their sales in 1999 were closed.
Currently only some countries in Oceania and Japan itself can have the privilege of buying a Supra Zero Km There are three models in the Japanese market that differ primarily in terms of accessories and has reduced its power to 280 horses by internal regulations. The export version with 324 horses remains responsible for making this machine, an object of desire of fans for cars